Making Change: With Naira Notes

🎯 What You'll Learn

You will learn to calculate change from common Naira notes like ₦100, ₦200, and ₦500.

🏪 Market Story

Chidi goes to buy garri. It costs ₦85. He has a ₦100 note. How much change should the trader give him? ₦100 − ₦85 = ₦15. The trader should give Chidi ₦15.

📝 Let's Learn

A useful trick: to subtract from 100, think "how much more do I need to reach 100?"

₦100 − ₦85: Start at 85, count up to 100. 85 + 5 = 90, 90 + 10 = 100. So 5 + 10 = ₦15 change.

This method is called counting up or shopkeeper's method. It's how many market traders calculate change!

Example 1: Pay ₦100 for a ₦65 item. Count up from 65: 65 + 5 = 70, 70 + 30 = 100. Change: 5 + 30 = ₦35.

Example 2: Pay ₦200 for a ₦130 item. Count up from 130: 130 + 70 = 200. Change: ₦70.

Example 3: Pay ₦500 for a ₦320 item. Count up from 320: 320 + 80 = 400, 400 + 100 = 500. Change: 80 + 100 = ₦180.

✏️ Practice Questions

1. Bola pays ₦100 for an item costing ₦72. How much change?
2. Tunde pays ₦200 for an item costing ₦155. How much change?
3. Funke pays ₦500 for an item costing ₦275. How much change? (Use counting up!)

Click to see answers

1. ₦100 − ₦72 = ₦28. Count up: 72 + 8 = 80, 80 + 20 = 100. Change: 8 + 20 = 28.
2. ₦200 − ₦155 = ₦45. Count up: 155 + 5 = 160, 160 + 40 = 200. Change: 5 + 40 = 45.
3. ₦500 − ₦275 = ₦225. Count up: 275 + 25 = 300, 300 + 200 = 500. Change: 25 + 200 = 225.

💡 Remember

Counting up from the price to the amount you paid is the easiest way to calculate change. Nigerian market traders use this method every day!