Subjects/Foundational Numeracy/Multiplying by 1 and 0
Foundational NumeracyMultiplication

Multiplying by 1 and 0

Understand the special rules for multiplying by 1 and by 0.

10 min

🎯 What You'll Learn

You will learn two special multiplication rules: any number times 1 stays the same, and any number times 0 equals 0.

🏪 Market Story

Funke asks her teacher: "What is 5 × 0?" Her teacher says, "If you have 0 bags of groundnuts, how many groundnuts do you have?" Funke thinks... "Zero! No bags means no groundnuts!" Then the teacher asks, "What about 5 × 1?" Funke says, "That's 1 bag of 5. That's just 5!"

📝 Let's Learn

Identity property (× 1): Any number times 1 equals itself.

  • 7 × 1 = 7
  • 100 × 1 = 100
  • 1 × 53 = 53

Zero property (× 0): Any number times 0 equals 0.

  • 7 × 0 = 0
  • 100 × 0 = 0
  • 0 × 53 = 0

Example 1: 8 × 1 = 8. One group of 8 is just 8.

Example 2: 8 × 0 = 0. Zero groups of 8 is nothing at all.

Example 3: Tunde buys 1 bag of rice at ₦200. Total: 1 × ₦200 = ₦200.

✏️ Practice Questions

  1. What is 25 × 1?
  2. What is 50 × 0?
  3. Chidi has 0 bags. Each bag has 10 oranges. How many oranges does he have?
Click to see answers
  1. 25 × 1 = 25.
  2. 50 × 0 = 0.
  3. 0 × 10 = 0 oranges. No bags means no oranges!

💡 Remember

Times 1 = the same number. Times 0 = zero. These two rules work for every number, no matter how big!