Multiplication and Addition Together

🎯 What You'll Learn

You will solve problems that need both multiplication and addition, just like real shopping situations.

🏪 Market Story

Bola buys 3 exercise books at ₦40 each and 2 pens at ₦25 each. What is the total cost? She needs multiplication AND addition: Books: 3 × ₦40 = ₦120. Pens: 2 × ₦25 = ₦50. Total: ₦120 + ₦50 = ₦170.

📝 Let's Learn

Many real problems combine operations. The key: do multiplication first, then add the results.

Example 1: 4 oranges at ₦5 each and 3 bananas at ₦10 each. Oranges: 4 × ₦5 = ₦20. Bananas: 3 × ₦10 = ₦30. Total: ₦20 + ₦30 = ₦50.

Example 2: 2 shirts at ₦80 each and 1 pair of trousers at ₦120. Shirts: 2 × ₦80 = ₦160. Trousers: ₦120 (just 1, no multiplication needed). Total: ₦160 + ₦120 = ₦280.

Example 3: 5 meat pies at ₦30 each, plus 2 drinks at ₦50 each. Pies: 5 × ₦30 = ₦150. Drinks: 2 × ₦50 = ₦100. Total: ₦150 + ₦100 = ₦250.

✏️ Practice Questions

1. Emeka buys 4 pencils at ₦10 each and 2 erasers at ₦5 each. What is the total?
2. Funke buys 3 bottles of water at ₦20 each and 1 biscuit for ₦30. What does she spend?
3. Chidi buys 5 bananas at ₦15 each and 3 oranges at ₦20 each. How much altogether?

Click to see answers

1. Pencils: 4 × ₦10 = ₦40. Erasers: 2 × ₦5 = ₦10. Total: ₦40 + ₦10 = ₦50.
2. Water: 3 × ₦20 = ₦60. Biscuit: ₦30. Total: ₦60 + ₦30 = ₦90.
3. Bananas: 5 × ₦15 = ₦75. Oranges: 3 × ₦20 = ₦60. Total: ₦75 + ₦60 = ₦135.

💡 Remember

When buying different items in different quantities, multiply each group separately, then add all the results together for the total cost.